Materiali comuni per stampi di stampaggio e punzonatura

Selezionare il materiale giusto

Stampa and punching molds, also referred to as dies, are used in the manufacturing process to shape or cut metal sheets. The common materials for these molds vary in durability, thermal conductivity, wear resistance, and other properties. Here are some typical materials used in these processes:

Acciai per utensili: D2 e A2

Carburo e acciaio rapido

1. Tool Steels:
   • D2: Noto per la sua elevata resistenza all'usura e all'abrasione, il D2 è un acciaio per utensili ad alto contenuto di carbonio e cromo. È comunemente utilizzato in operazioni di stampaggio a lungo ciclo grazie alla sua capacità di mantenere un tagliente affilato. Tuttavia, può essere fragile e potrebbe non essere la scelta migliore per materiali che producono molto shock o impatto.
   • A2: A versatile air-hardened tool steel with good toughness and stability during Trattamento termico. A2 strikes a balance between wear resistance and toughness. It can withstand non-repetitive loads that would typically crack other high-Acciaio al carbonios.
   • O1: An oil-hardened tool steel that offers excellent wear resistance and is relatively easy to machine. It is a common choice for small to medium-size production runs where intricate tool shapes are required.
2. Carbide:
   • Tungsten Carbide: Extremely hard and wear-resistant, this material is used for high-volume production due to its ability to maintain a sharp edge over extended periods. Tungsten carbide molds are often more expensive than tool steel, but their longevity in production can justify the cost.
3. High-Speed Steel (HSS):
   • M2: A general-purpose HSS with a good combination of toughness, wear resistance, and red hardness, which makes it suitable for cutting tools like taps, drill bits, and also Stampa operations.
   • M42: With a higher cobalt content, M42 is used for more demanding cutting tools that require higher red hardness and where very high cutting speeds are necessary. This makes it suitable for very challenging Stampa jobs.
4. Aluminum:
   • 7075: While not as common for high-volume Stampa molds, Lega di alluminios like 7075 are sometimes used for low-volume runs or for forming softer materials. Aluminum is quick to machine and has excellent thermal conductivity, but it wears out much faster than tool steel or carbide.

Comparison among these materials:

• Tool Steels (D2, A2, O1) are excellent for varied volumes of Stampa operations, offering a balance between cost, wear resistance, and ease of maintenance. These various grades allow for choosing the best material based on the specific need for toughness or wear resistance.
• Tungsten Carbide is best for high-volume and precision Stampa as it maintains its edge longer, but the initial cost is substantially higher and the material is more brittle.
• High-Speed Steels (HSS) (M2, M42) are ideal for high-speed, high-temperature operations. They hold their hardness at higher temperatures, which allows for faster Stampa without losing tool integrity.
• Aluminum (7075) is chosen for specific Applicaziones where quick turnaround, low volumes, or a gentle touch on the stamped material is required. It is less durable and typically not suitable for general Stampa of hard materials or high-volume runs.

La selezione del materiale appropriato per uno stampo per stampaggio o punzonatura dipende dalle esigenze del progetto, incluso il materiale da stampare, il volume di produzione e la durata desiderata dello stampo.

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